Valve for internal-combustion engines.



W. McG. YOUNG & R. S. SMART.

IALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPUCATION FILED ocr.15. 19m. 1,176A18, Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET v iiiiii! I unlllnummiif H WITNESEEE w.- M .YU u 5INVENTUHS G' i H.5.5MAHT PEH THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, D-c.

W. McG. YOUNG & R. 8. SMART. VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUS'HON ENGINES.

' APPLICATION FILED OCT. 15, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fl a. 5. v W'IYTNEEEEE INENTEIFIE W.|"I.YEH.JN|5L N FLELEMAFIT PH c0..WASHINGTON D c W. M06. YOUNG & R. 8. SMART. I VALVE FOR INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINES.

1,176,418. Patented Mar. 21,1916.

- 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I5. 1910.

'WITNE-ETIEES UNITED STATES PATENT orrron WILLIAM MCGEE YOUNG AND RUSSEL. SUTHERLANID SMART, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO,

' CANADA.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

Applicationfiled (lctober 15, 1910. Serial No. 587,329.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, WILLIAM MoGEE YOUNG andRUssrL SUTHERLAND SMART, both of the city of Ottawa. in the Province ofOntario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in valves for internal combustionengines and the like. and the obiects of our invention are to provide asimple and effective form of valve mechanism operable without noise anda minimum amount of friction and which may be readily lubricated andwater cooled to avoid excessive heating.

, Further objects are to enable both ports to be controlled by a singlevalve member, whereby, the number of rotating parts will be reduced andthe valve mechanism very much simplified.

Further objects. are to provide means for securing a quick cut-ofi' forboth ports.

Further. objects still are to prevent leakage of the valve joint betweenthe valve member and the engine cylinder.

In its construction the invention includes a tubular valve member ormembers mounted on the interior of the engine cylinder and adapted to beturned to different positions to control the exhaust and inlet ports. Inone form of the invention, a single valve member is arranged to controlboth ports the movement of the member in one direction being adapted toopen one port, while the movement in the opposite direction opens theother port. In this form of the invention, means are provided forimparting a reciprocativemovement to the valve in opposite directions,with a quick return motion. Separate valve members may be provided foreachof the ports if desired. In order to minimize space, a portion ofthe valve member, or one of the valve members isarranged to occupy acylindrical recess in the end of the cylinder, which also forms acompression space for the explosive mixture. -Leakage between the valvemember and the cylinder may be conveniently controlled by means of aring'located in a groove formed in the edge of the valve member andnormally spring pressed outwardly.

.These and other details of the invention are more fully set forth anddescribed in dethe connection tail in the accompanying specification anddrawings.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical sectlonthrough the end of anengine cylinder embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 1s a plan viewof the end of the cylinder. Fig. 3 1s a perspective view showing theoperative mechanism for the valve, said view being partially in section.Fig. 4 is a section on the line 22, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section on theline 3-3, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a sectional new of the end of the cylinderembodying an alternative form of the present invention. Fig. 7 is asection on the line 4-4, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 55,Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional detail through between the valvemember controlling the exhaust port and the engine cylinder. Fig. 10 isa plan view of the top of the cylinder of the form shown in Fig. 6. Fig.11- is'an enlarged detail view showing the valve packing.

In the drawings like characters of reference indicate correspondingparts in each figure.

Referring first to the embodiment of the lnvention illustrated in Figs.1 to 5, G represents a cylinder of the usual water cooled type. a and 64represent the exhaust ports which open near the end of the cylinder andarecircumfercntially and diametrically opposite to each other. 6 and Z)represent the inlet ports which are located in the end of the cylinderand open into a cylindrical recess adapted to form a compression spaceat the end of the cylinder. H represents the valve member whichistubular in form and fitting'closely to the inside of the cylinder, thelatter conveniently having a seat 71, on which the valve is mounted.l/Vhere a seat such as this is employed, it would facilitatetheintroduction of the valve member if the head G of the cylinder wasformed separately of the body portion thereof. It will be seen that thevalve member H is formed with an inner-section h of larger diameter andcontrolling the exhaust ports, and an outer-section k of less diameterfitting closely to the cylindrical recess 6 and controlling the inletports. Apertures are formed in the valve member in such a manner thatwhen the member is turned in one direction it will open the inlet ports,and when turned in the opposite direction it will open the exhaustports. Thus diametrically opposite apertures cr slrts 'h and h areprovided in the section If. adapted in a certain position to registerwith the inlet'ports. The section h is also provided with apertures orslots 72? and 72 adapted in a given pcsitien to register with theexhaust ports a and a. When the valve member is in closed position, theports 71 and it lie on the opposite side with respect to the exhaustports to that on which the apertures h and 72. lie with re spect to theinlet ports. The valve member is substantially c axial with the cylinderand being near the periphery thereof may be readily lubricated by anywell known means and will obtain the benefit of the water cooling of thecylinder. To prevent leakage between the valve mem er and its seat, aring If may be provided extending in grooves 7L and if in the valvemember and cylinder respecti elv, and normally spring pressed outwardlyby suitable spring It. The valve member may have a recipr cative turningmovement imparted thereto by any suitable mechanism, preferably of sucha character as to impart a quick return in tion which will effect aquick cut-off of both exhaust and inlet p rts. In the embodimentillustrated. a spindle I is connected to the val e mem er and extendsthrough the end of the cylinder, a le er i being provided on the end ofthe spindle, and held in n rmal positi n by means of tension springs 71and 2' which are connected thereto and diverge therefrom to oppositesides where they are connected to the t n of the cylinder. the tendencyof said springs being to ouicklv return the leer to normal p sition whenmoved therefrom. The lever is ada ted to be mo ed a ternately toopposite sides and 7 then released. by mea s of a reciprrcative ta etmember J. This tappet member which reciprocates in guides 7' on the t nof I the cylinder. ca ries three tappet nrei ctions 7' 7' and j, thecenter one of which is adapted in normal closed position of the val emember. to engage cne side of the le er i. on reci rocation of themember, the pro ecti n 7' is ada ted to engage the end of the le er 1'and swing the lever to one side and ult matelv release it. permitting itt swing ack under t e act n of the spring. The proiecti ns 7" and 7'will prevent oscillat on of the lever after return t n rmal position.for bv the time the projection 7' moves sufficiently t release the end fthe le e either the projecti n 7" or 7' will be in position nea thecenter of the le er and stop it immediately t comes to its centralnormal position. For thispurpose. anv of the well known val e mechanismsfer fear-cycle explosive engines might be used. The member J mavreciprocate in any suitable way from the engine shaft. By way ofillustration, we have. shown a simple mechanism for performing thisfunction comprising a bell-' the main engine cylinder, as for example bymeans of a subsidiary crank shaft j carrying the cam and rotated by achain j and. sprockets 7' and 7' on'the auxiliary and main shaftrespectively. j r In the operation of the mechanism,when the member J isreciprocated in one direction. it

member H until the apertures it and k register with the inlet pcrts band b-,'permitting the inflow of the motive fluid. On

' will swing the lever i carrying the valve 7 the motion beingcontinued. the tappet projection' 7' will pass the end of the lever 2',which under action of the spring will return quickly to normal position,shutting off the inlet port. Themixture will then be compressed andignited, during which-time the V rec'procative member will returntonormal position and the projection 7' will engage the opposite side ofthe lever z to that which it previously engaged. The m tion beingfurther continued. the lever a" will be swung to the oppos'te side,turning the member H in the opposite direction, and bring the apertureshand oh into registration with the exhaust ports a and a,.permittingexhaust of the motive fluid. This action will be repeated during theoperation of'the engine.

In the alternative form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 to 10, Arepresents a cylinder of usual construction,-preferably havtrated havingthe usual water cooling means. The inlet port in the embodimentillustrated is formed on the head of the cylinder and opens into acylindrical recess in the head by suitable mechan'sm. In this embodimentseparate valve members are provided for each of the ports. the exhaustports being controlled by acylindrical valve member or ring C mountedona seat 14 formed on the interior of thecylinder; In the embodimentillustrated, the upper edge of the valve member C is adapted to abut theinner surface of the head B. Means are provided extending across the jint between the valve member and the cylinder to prevent passage ofmotive fluid ;v the means illustrated compris ing a removable head B,both cyl nder proper and the head in the embodiment illusing rings 15and 16 located in grooves 17 and 18 formed in the edges of the valvemember, said rings being normally forced outwardly by springs 19 and 20.v The effectiveness of the r'ngs may be further increased by theprovision of a groove 21 on the seat 14 to receive the ring 15, and agroove 22 formed on the under surface of the head of the cylinder. Thevalve member C is provided on its periphery with ports 23 and 24adaptedto reg'ster at a determined point in the movement of the member with theexhaust ports 12 and 18. the movement of the valve member being effectedby any suitable means, and being oscillatory or reciprocatory asdesired. In the embodiment illustrated a stem 25 is shown extendingthrough the end of the cylinder and coaxial therewith and connected to aspider 26 on the valve member, the stem 25 beng turned by suitablemeans, as by a chain 27 and'sprccket 28 on the stem. The inlet port isadapted to be controlled through a tubular cylindrical valve member 1)fitting the cylindrical recess 11 and formed at one point with a slot 27adapted to register at a given point with the inlet port to perm't thepassage of the motive fluid into the cylinder. This valve member may beactuated in any suitable way. As illustrated, a sleeve 28 is provided onthe valve member encircling the stem 25 and adapted to be turned bymeans of a sprocket 29 and chain 30. It is apparent, however, that anyother suitable mechanism might be provided for actuating the valvemember.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and many,apparently widely difierent embodiments of our invention within thescope of the claims constructed without departing from the sp rit orscope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in theaccompanying specifications and drawings shall be interpreted asillustrative and not in a l'miting sense.

lVhat we claim as our invention is:

1. An engine sylinder having inlet and exhaust ports located indilferent planes at different distances from the center and rigidlyconnected tubular valve means controlling both of said ports, said meanseach being located adjacent the same end of the cylinder and beingmovable in a different direction for each port.

2. An engine cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports communicatingtherewith at one end thereof and'being located in diflerent' planes atdifferent distances from :the center, and rigidly connected tubularvalve means adjacent the end of the cylinder with which said inlet andexhaust ports communicate, said valve means being movable in adifierentdirection for each port.

8. An engine cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports in combination witha valve member adapted when turned in one direction to open the inletports and when turned 1n the opposite direction to open the exhaustports, said valve member bemg normally resiliently held in closedposition, and a exhaust ports in combination with a valve member adaptedwhen turned in one direction to open the inlet ports and when turned inthe opposite direction to open the exhaust ports, said valve memberbeing normally resiliently held in closed position, means foralternately moving the valve member to 0p posite sides and permittingthe same to swing back to normal position, and means for limitingoscillation after return to normal position.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder formed at the end withan inlet port opening into a centrally disposed recess and havingcircumferentially arranged exhaust ports, said recess forming acompression chamber and said inlet and exhaust ports being in differentplanes, tubular valve .means controlling both of said ports and havingan independent movement for each port, and means for reciprocating saidvalve means.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder formed at the end withan inlet port opening into a centrally disposed recess and havingcircumferentially arranged exhaust ports, said recess forming acompression chamber and said inlet and exhaust ports being in differentplanes, tubular valve means controlling both of said ports and being coaxial with the cylinder and formed with slots adapted when the valvemeans is in a certain position to open the ports, and. means forreciprocating said valve means.

7. An internal combustion engine having an exhaust port opening at theend of the cylinder, and an inlet port opening into a cylindrical recessformed at the end of the cylinder of less diameter than the same,tubular valve means mounted on the inte* 'rior of the cylindercontrolling the inlet and exhaust ports, said means comprising a portion of larger diameter controlling the exhaust ports. and a portion ofsmaller diameter controlling the inlet ports, and means for actuatingsaid valve means.

8. An engine cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a valve memberadapted when turned in one direction to open the inlet port, and whenturned in the opposite direction to open the exhaust port. and springmeans for alternately reciprocating the valve member in oppositedirections with a quick return motion.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a fixed cylinder,

a cylindrical valve rigid from the center, both controlled by the valve,cylinder, inlet and outlet ports in different a piston in the cylinder,and means whereby 15 planes and at diiierent distances from the thevalve is moved to close the cylinder ports center, both controlled bythe valve, a piston during the compression and explosion cycles (5 inthe cylinder, and means whereby the valve of the engine. a e V r ismoved to close the cylinder ports during In witness whereof we havehereunto set the compression and explosion cycles of the our hands inthe presence of two witnesses; 20

against internal pressure co-axial with the Copies of this patent may beobtained for five cents each, by addressing the engme.

10. In an internal combustlon engine, a fixed cylinder, a cylindricalvalve I'lgld;

'a ainst internal pressure co-aXial with and inside the cylinder, inletand outlet ports in difierent planes and at difi'erent distances WILLIAM,MQGEE YOUNG. RUSSEL SUlHERLAND SMART.

Witnesses: V

M. CULnnR'rsoN, PEARLE GARRoU,

Washington, D. 0.

Commissioner of Patents; 7

